SOCIALIST
- Transforming of local or regional phenomena into global ones.
- People of the world unified into a single society and function together.
- Combination of economic, technological, sociocultural and political forces.
CAPITALIST
- Elimination of state-enforced restrictions on exchanges across boarders.
- Increasingly integrated and complex global system of production.
Globalisation as a positive.
'Covering a wide range of distinct political, economic, and cultural trends, the term “globalization” has quickly become one of the most fashionable buzzwords of contemporary political and academic debate. In popular discourse, globalization often functions as little more than a synonym for one or more of the following phenomena: the pursuit of classical liberal (or “free market”) policies in the world economy (“economic liberalization”), the growing dominance of western (or even American) forms of political, economic, and cultural life (“westernization” or “Americanization”), the proliferation of new information technologies (the “Internet Revolution”), as well as the notion that humanity stands at the threshold of realizing one single unified community in which major sources of social conflict have vanished (“global integration”).'
First published Fri Jun 21, 2002; substantive revision Fri Jun 4, 2010
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/globalization/
Manfred B. Steger, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction
"McDonaldization"
McJob - An unrewarding job that no one wants to do but have to. Meaningless.
Forced spread of a certain model of society.
Marchall McLuhan
Understanding Media
New technologies will have a huge impact on societies.
New technologies are an extension of our senses.
Experience the affects of our actions with everyone.
Empathise//Sympathise.
Global Embrace.
Global Village Thesis
'As electrically contracted, the globe is no more than a village. Electric speed at bringing all social and political functions together in a sudden implosion has heightened human awarenessof responsibility to an intense degree.'
This has not happened.
Has actually desensitised us.
The Internet
- We live mythically and integrally.
Not happened - we are more separated.
Centripetal forces
- Bringing the world together in uniform global society.
Centrifugal forces
- Tearing the world apart in tribal wards.
Social war.
Globalisation can be seen much more negatively.
Problems
Sovereignty
- Challenges to the idea pf the nation-state.
Accountability
- Transnational forces & organisations.
- Who controls them?
Identity
- Who are we?
- Loss of identity.
- Nation, group, community?
Multi-national businesses are more powerful than individual governments.
One culture is being spread.
Manfred B. Steger, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction
Cultural Imperialism
Rigging the 'free market'.
Liberal myth.
Media conglomerates operate as oligoplies.
Every aspect of the media can be traced back - in terms of ownership - to 5/6 multi-national oligopolies.
All of which are American.
One company controls the output of a huge proportion of the worlds media.
Proxy American take on the world.
News corporations divide world into 'territories' of descending 'market importance'
1. North America.
2. Western Europe, Japan & Australia.
3. Developing economies and regional producers. (India, China, Brazil, Eastern Europe)
4. The rest of the world.
New form of imperialism
- Local cultures destroyed in this process and news forms cultural dependancy shaped, mirroring old school colonialism.
- Schiller
Western products repackaged and sold all over the world.
Alarming cultural changes.
Global assimilation.
Chomsky & Herman (1998)
'Manufacturing Cansent'
The political economy of the mass media.
Same effect as traditional propaganda.
Propaganda Model - 5 basic filters
1. Ownership
- Rupert Murdoch
- All his papers in the interest of News Corporation rather then to show the news.
- The Sun determines the outcome of UK elections - boasted.
- Measurable social effect.
- Not without bias.
2. Funding
- Have to make a profut.
- Advertisers will withdraw their money if they don't like what you are printing.
3. Sourcing
- Stuff that is reported is only what is allowed to be reported.
4. Flak
- Funding into lobby groups.
- Use the media that perpetuates their particular take on the world.
The Global Climate Coalition
- Get stories into newspapers.
- Get adverts on TVs - propaganda.
- Manufacture stories that portray oil companies in a good light.
5. Anti Communist ideology
Visual communication is extremely powerful.
Al Gore (2006) An Inconvenient Truth
Flat Earthers
- Jim Inhofe
- Nigel Lawson
Everything is blocked by America and China.
Nothing is going to change.
Sustainability
- Introduced in the 80s
- Aim to create sustainable societies.
- Meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations'
- Contradiction in terms.
- Sustainable capitalism.
- Bio fuel.
- More expensive.
- Noise pollution.
- Pollutants got into local water.
- Caused more problems than it solved.
Companies exploiting the fact that people are concerned about the planet.
'Greenwash'
Things are manufactured to sell to people.
The media perpetuates this system.
People are trying to solve this.
Protests - G20.
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