The Age of Enlightenment.
Process of rationality and reason.
Enlightenment - Period in the 18th century when scientific//philosophical thinking made leaps and bounds.
Ordered approach to investigating a topic.
Secularisation.
Art never used to be accepted as a worthy university degree.
There is still a prejudice and snobbery.
To get a degree you have to demonstrate that you can research in scientific way.
Reasons rather than Metaphysics.
Something more creative.
Uncomfortably in the academic system.
Will always come up against 'you need proper research'.
Belief in unified scientific method (Scientism)
C. P. Snow - 1959 - The Two Cultures and the Scientific revolution
Arts and sciences are two different things.
Different languages.
Could never mix.
Positivism.
Research should always lead to a positive//definite//actual outcome.
Should always lead to facts and concrete conclusions.
Separation of fact from freedom.
Objectivity.
Measurement rather than argument.
Facts that speak for themselves.
Causation.
Separation and control of valuables.
This is what the university institutional system means by research.
Still visible in our current mark scheme.
To get our degrees we have to evidence such research.
Does not usually fit and has to be shoehorned in.
Research is not useless is invaluable.
Not understanding how to frame research.
Approaches to Research
Empiricism.
Common sense legacy of scientific positivism .
Quantitative Research.
Leads to data and facts.
Leads to numbers and can draw charts from.
Qualitative Research.
Opposite to quantitative.
Interview.
Done all the time when in discussion with others.
Talking to tutors, peers, mates.
All qualitative research.
Document//present//organise all of this.
Organised body of research to use again and again.
Subjectivism.
What I think.
Action Research
Idea that wants investigation.
Place idea in real world context.
Do something to it.
Reflect on what has happened.
Return to what you wanted to investigate - asses and change and then start the cycle again.
All applicable to design.
All that we do in our creative process is research.
Find a way to document this.
Should treat blog much more seriously.
Everything we produce is new.
THEORY -> ACTION -> REFLECTION = PRAXIS
CoP should be about trying to synthesise research.
Methodology
The science of method, employed in a particular activity.
METHOD - A way in proceeding about something in a systematic or logical manner.
Process to the outcome.
Things are not just pulled out of the ether.
Forcing the interrogation of your self process does not always work.
Evidence what we already do.
Each project will have its own methodology.
Do it without thinking.
Epistemology
Ways of thinking about thinking.
Knowing that certain routes will lead you to certain outcomes and you choose a certain one.
The Hermeneutic Circle
Take an idea.
Take a detail of something.
How does your perception compare to anothers.
Keep going deeper and deeper.
Constantly clarifying and getting more and more precise.
All do it but can't rationalise it as such.
Three overlapping levels of interpretation.
- Behind the text.
- In/Through the text.
- In front of the text.
THE SPECIAL AKA - 1984 - NELSON MANDELA
Behind of the Text
- UK band forming off the back of Punk.
- Multicultural nature of England.
- Became an anthem.
- Catalyst for the Anti Apartheid movement.
In/Through the Text
- Collective effort.
- Changed from a protest song into a celebration song.
- Black and white musicians.
- Now a catalyst for social change.
In Front of the Text
- Causes a political response.
If you formulate this as your process it will improve work.
Research for the act of practice.
Creative process is constant dialogue between circle.
Research is not something just thrown together as an afterthought.
Research is a constant dynamic process.
Hermeneutics.
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